Phát triển nguồn thông tin Khoa học và Công nghệ trong thời đại công nghệ số

PHAT TRIEN NGUON TIN KHOA HOC 
VA CONG NGHE TRONG THOI OAI CONG NGHE SO 
ThS. Dte Manh Thing, ThS. TrBnThj Haijfen 
Cyc Thong tin Khoa hpc va Cong nghg Quoc gia 
Tdm tit: 
Nguon tin khoa hpc va cmg nghi H ngoSn Ipt dSu vao quan tipng phpc vp nghOn cdU khoa hpc vi phk 
bi&i cdng nghi, gdp phan phit tri&i kinh ^ - xa hii aia dit nudc. Tmng thdl dpi cdng nghi sd, vlicphit 
tri&t nfflOn tin khoa hpc }^ cdng nghe tai dc CP quan thw viin - thdng tin d stf thay d^ Idn, tdntdhirO} 
xuA tian ngudn tin khoa hpc C* phUOng thiit tid smg. khai thic, sd dpng ngiAt tin khoa hpc vi cdng nghi 
Bii vi& phin tkh tic ding da thdi d^ cdng mjft^ sd tdi phit hiin ngudn tin khoa hpc vi dng nghi; 7?n* 
trpng phdt thdn ngudn tin khoa hpc va cong nghe tai M ^ Nam. Td dd, dc tac gii de xuit giii phap phk 
tnen nguon tin khoa hpc va dng nghi tmng Ihdi dpi cdng nghi sd. 
Ttf khoi: Nguon tin, khoa hpc va cfing nghg, phit trial. 
Absbact: 
Infomiation Sources in Science and Technology are important inputs for science research and tedndogy 
devekjpment, contributing to the socio-economic devetopment of tite country. In the digital Ischnokigy era, 
development of saerKe and technotogy Information sources In the Htirary and Information Institutions Is 
changing significanOy frxxn the model of publishing scientific sounxs to tiie methods of acquisition, exploita-
tion and usage of science and technohgy Information. The article analyzes impact of the digital technotogy 
era to tiie devetopment of Infyrmatkxi Sources in Saence and Technotogy and its situation in Wet Nam. 
Thereijy, ttie authors proposes solutions to devdop Infomiation Sources In Sd&ice and Technology In the 
digital tecttnotogy era. 
Key words: Informabon sources, science and technology, development 
Mddiu 
Ngufin tin khoa hpc v i cdng nghg (KHCN) l i 
nguon lyt d iu vao quan trpng phyc vu nghign 
ciJu khoa hpc va phat tngn cfing nghe, gdp ph3n 
phit dign kmh tg - xa hpi cua dSt nudc. Trong thdi 
dgi cfing nghg sfi, vigc phit tiign nguon dn KHCN 
tgi cic cd quan ttiy vign - difing dn cd sy diay dfii 
Idn, ty mfi hinh xuat bin nguon tin khoa hpc tdi 
phudng thut bfi sung, khai thic, sy dung ngufin 
tin KHCN. Og dim bio ngudng an loin thong tin 
KHCN qufic gia, dong didi tao dieu kien biuan ^fi 
eho ngudi diing tin khai ttiic sy dung nguon tin 
KHCN bong ttidi dgi cfing nghg so, bai viet trinh 
biy dinh hudng v i giit phip vi mfi nhim phat bign 
nguon dn KHCN bong ttidi gian tdi. 
1. Thdi dai cdng nghg so - nhdn td bdi 
canh t ic dpng tdi phat trien nguSn tin khoa 
hpc v i cdng ngh$ 
1.1. Khii niim phit tridn ngudn tin khoa 
hpc vi cdng nghi 
Nguon tin KHCN dyyc higu l i "cic thdng dn 
KHCN duyc die hi?n dUdi dgng sach, bio, tap chf 
khoa hpe, ky y&j hpi nghj, hpi ttiio khoa hpc, ttiuyft 
minh nhl^m vy, bio eio kgt qua thyt hl^n, lihg 
dyng ket qui nhigm vy KHCN, lu^n i n khoa hpc, 
t i l lieu ttiigt ke, ky biuat, cd sd di? 11^ (CSDL), 
bang thfing tin dien d i , t i l ligu tiifing kg KHCN, 
tit lieu da phudng den va tai li$u bgn cic v i t mang 
tin khac" [2]. Cung cd the higu khii nigm ngufin 
On KHCN l i toin bfi difing tin KHCN duyc duygn 
ttifing hoic du«c ghi Igi, binh bay hoic ttw hign 
12 
dudi bat oJT dgng thdc nio v i tren bat oi* kigi v i t 
mang bn nio (d dgng truyen thong v i dgng dign 
dio ma ^ d iut , qudc gia cd dude. Nhiihg thfing 
tin niy cfi the l i nfii sinh (do tfi chut hoic qudc 
gia dd tao ra, lu\i ^ d, pho bien), thu th ip dude qua 
cic kenh thfing tin khic nhau (mua, trao doi, btgu 
t$ng...) hoic truy cap du^c mpt each on djnh, lau 
dai (thong qua mua quyen truy cap hoic co the 
truy c ip dude do bgn cd thfing tin tao dieu lugn 
truy cap lau di i ) [1]. 
6 cSp dp vi mfi, nghia t i trong phgm vi mpt 
hoic mpt vai cd quwi ttiU vign - dwng tin, k h i nigm 
phit bign nguon tin dude sy dyng dg chi qua 
binh xiy dyng v i thyt hign kg hoach tong die h# 
ttifing cho vigc tao l ip, to chiit mfit bp suU tgp 
thy vign, bao gom vigc x iy dyhg cae dgu ehi lya 
chpn, bfi sung tai ligu, l ip ke hoach dg chia se t i l 
nguygn v i d^ay ttig cie t i i ligu bi mat v i hy hfing 
nhim d ip tihg nhu cau aia ngudi dung tin. 
Trgn binh dign vi mfi vdi eSp dfi ngufin tin 
qufic gia, khil nigm 'ph i t bign nguon tin' phan 
inh d iy dii qui trinh xay dUng djnh hudng v i 
digu phdi cic chinh sach lya dipn bfi sung dya 
trgn nguygn tSc dam bio ngudng an toan thfing 
tin (HJfic gia, quy hoac^ viee thu thip, sy dyng 
higu qua v i chia sg nguon dn giiia cic cd quan 
my vign - thfing tin trgn c i nudc [3]. 
Hogt dpng phit bign ngufin tin KHCN l i mjjt 
quy binh bao gfim cic budc: Xiy dyhg chinh s id i , 
kg hogch phit bign ngufin dn; tgo Igp nguon tin 
KHCN nOi sinh, ttiu ttigp ngufin tin KHCN bong nudc 
v i qufic te; to chut, khai thic va dinh gia nguon 
tin; ttianh ly; hyp t i c phit bien ngufin tin KHCN. 
Cic budc trgn dgu hudng b3i muc tigu: (1) lam 
ting ngufin tin vg sfi Iudng, chit Iudng, ehung k>gi; 
(2) l im t ing tinh khi dyng ciia nguon tin, giup 
ngufin tin dude sy dyng tien kfi, de ding; (3) lam 
ting kha ning truy cip tdi nguon tin; (4) nang cao 
higu qui : tiet ki|m ehi phi, tnjy cap tdi da vdi nguon 
lyt va thoi man nhu du aia ngycfi diing tin. 
1.2. Tic Oing aia cdng nghi tdi phuvng 
thut bSsung tii liiu 
Cic cd quan thy vign - thong dn hign nay dang 
diihg trudc nhOng thay doi mgnh me eua mfii 
budng cdng nghe, chuyen doi thy vi?n ty cho l i 
mfii trudng hpc t i p tgi cho ttianh mfii budng hpc 
t i p t y xa. Bgn canh dd, sy phit tiien oia cac 
nguon tin dien bjr da l im thay doi phudng thOit 
mua v i sy dyng cic nguon tin KHCN. Ngu nhy 
cic t i i lieu in trxiyen thdng hinh thi i t mua g in lien 
wS quyen "sd hiJu" t i i l ifu dd, thi ddi vdi nguon 
bn dign ty viec mua dude hieu t i mua quyen "truy 
cap" tdi cac tai ligu tn j t tuygn, ma chung ta khfing 
thyt sy sd hiiy nd. Viec mua cae t i i lieu dien ty 
g in lien vdi mot thdi gian buy cap nhat djnh v i 
sau thdi gian d i t mua niy thy vign khong ed quyen 
buy cap tdi t i i lieu dd niia, try trudng hyp da d$t 
mua quygn truy cap vinh vien bfFi nhuhg bp siAi 
t i p tai lieu dien ty luu bij'. 
Vdf sy phit trign mgnh me eua cfing nghg thfing 
dn, mfii budng t i i lieu di^n ty ciing d i t ra nhOhg 
thay da bong phuong thi i t djnh gia v i quy mfi 
n$i dung ciia nguon tin dign ty, eung nhu cie v in 
de ve d/dng thich dgu chuan aia cic nhi xuSt 
bin va nhi cung cip phan mem t i i ligu di^n ty. 
Vdi cic cong nghg phit trign hign nay, cfi dig 
cho phgp thu* vign cung cSp cho ngudi diing tin 
khi ning truy cgp ty xa dgn cic ngufin tai nguygn 
(fign ty m i thy vign da d i t mua. Vigc niy thyc 
hign dude dwng qua sy dyng eac djch vy xic ttiyt 
qua IP nhy EZProxy, VPN, Shibboletti, Atiiens. NhU 
viy, vdi vige bo sung d i t mua dc nguon tin di#n 
ty hign nay, cac cd quan thu vign - thfing dn cfi 
khi ning cung cap truy c^p tien lyi moi liic, mpi 
ncJi cho ngudi diing tin. 
Trong xu hudng ehuygn sang cic ngufin tin 
dien hy hign nay thi nhieu cd quan thy vien - thfing 
tin dang diihg tnjdc i p lyc ty bd vige mua eic tai 
ligu in. Tuy nhign, dS vdi xu hudng niy cung a n 
can nhSc ky do die b'nh "sd hiiu" khi mua t i i l i ^ 
in. Viee cae Oiy vien khfing mua t i i li§u in cd nghia 
I i hp se khfing cfin sd hiiu chung niia. Vigc mua 
quyen buy cap cac bfi suu t i p luU tr i i ' t i i ligu dign 
b i (baekfiles) cd dig l i mot giai phip ttiay ttig cho 
tai ligu in, tuy nhign can d im bio b$ su\j t i p luu 
try do ra chat tydng d/dng dudng vdi cie t i i ligu 
in v i thy vign ed quyen buy cap vinh vien vio cac 
t>fi suu t i p dd [5], 
Tap chl THl/VIEN VIET NAM 1(63) 13 
1.3. Xu htfdng phdt triin ngudn tin khoa 
hpc va cdng nghi gin vdi md hinh xuSt bin 
khoa hpc trong th€^ dpi so 
Cac ngiron dn KHCN aia ttie gidi dude xuat 
bin va cfing bd bdi hg thdng xuat b in khoa hpc. 
Hien nay, cd khoing 10.000 nha xuat ban tap chi 
khoa hpe ben toan the gidi, dong sd niy cd khoang 
650 nha xuat bin va cic higp hoi xuat bin ehuygn 
nghigp, vdi khoing 11.550 tap chi, chi&n ben 40% 
tong sd tgp d i i khoa hoc. 
Ve sd Iudng tap chi khoa hpc cd khoing 28.100 
tap chf khoa hoc bing tigng Anh va khoing 6.450 
tap ehi bing ngfin ngQ khic, xuat bin khoang 2,5 
bigu bai tap ehf moi nim. Trong hai thip ky tid Igi 
day, bung binh mSi nim sd Iudng tap chi v i bit tgp 
chi ting din deu, tiJWig uhg 3% v i 3,5% ma nim. 
Ly do l i sfi Iudng nhi nghign cuU tren the gidi cung 
ting tudng iing 3% moi nim v i hi?n nay cd tong 
sd ty 7 dgn 9 dieu nhi nghign citu [5]. 
Cic nha nghign cdu ngiy nay cung thay dfii 
thdi quen sy dyng t i i ligu khoa hex: va ngay cang 
dpc nhieu hdn. Theo khao si t eua Hifp hpi Thfing 
tin Nghign oJXi (RIN), ddi vdi cic nhi khoa hpe tgi 
Hoa Ky va Anh, trung binh moi nha nghign ciiU 
dpc khoing 270 bai bao khoa hpe moi nim, tuy 
theo linh vyt nghien a iu aia hp (dpc nhieu hdn 
dfil vdi cic Iinh vyt khoa hoc cfing nghg va y hpc, 
dpc it hdn doi vdi cic linh vyc khoa hpc x i hOi v i 
nhin vin). Vdi sy phit then ciia cic nguon tin 
d i ^ ty, cich thyc tim kiem t i i ligu cung thay doi 
theo hydng sy dyng cac Ignh tim tin nhieu hdn l i 
duygt theo eay thU mye. 
Hign nay, hau hgt cic tgp chi KHCN deu dude 
cung cap tn/c tuygn va trong nhigu tmdng hdp 
cac nha xuat bin da sd hoa cie sfi tgp chi in bi/dc 
diy de tao thanh bO suU t ip hoi co cho tdi sfi 
xuat ban dau dgn. Ty lg mua quyen buy cap cie 
tap chi dien dJ" eung ngay cang t ing, mpt phan do 
sy giim gi i ciia cie gdi tgp ehf trut tuygn. Do do, 
hau het eic tgp chi deu chuywi sang xuat bin 
dudi dang dien tii, nhat la cac tap chf nghign aiU, 
ben cgnh bin tap chf in dype xuat t i in song song. 
Tuy nhien, sd Iudng cic tgp chi tii* bd hin djnh 
dgng ban in da ngay cang t ing dong nhffng nim 
gan day. 
Ngiy nay, sy bao dfil, buygn t i i v i pho bien 
thfing tin, bi thut bong gidi hpc ttiugt dude thyt 
hi?n dudi nhieu hinh thut khac nhau, thfing qua 
thuyet dinh tgi hfii thio, seminar, g$p gd b y t ti^ 
hoic dao ddl qua dign ttwai, email, xuat bin tgp 
chi khoa hpc hoic s i d i ehuygn khio v i phan nio 
dd l i mang xa hpi. Trong do, hinh thi i t truyen dgt 
bi thyc pho bign nhat la ttifing qua eac kgnh cfing 
bd cfing khai v i dude x i hpi danh g i i , dd la xuat 
ban tgp chf khoa hpc va sich ehuygn khio. 
Tnjde day, dS vcfi cic tap chf in thi thy vign 
thudng d i t mua tryt tiep tyng dau ten tap chi. 
Cich thyc mua tap d i i niy ngiy cang it difing 
dyng, d^c bigt la ddi vdi cic nhi xuit b in Idn, do 
cic tgp chi cua nhSng nha xuat t)in niy thudng 
dyjc ban ttieo bp sUU tap nhigu tap ehi eung nhau. 
Cic nha xu§t b in cung cip tgp chf dudi ba 
hinh thyc phfi bien: chi cd b in in, chi cd bin tryt 
tuygn, hoic kgt hdp c i b in in va tryt tuygn. Hau 
het cic nha xuat ban eung cSp bin tgp chf bye 
tuygn vdi g i i ca thap hdn b in tgp d i i in v i ndu 
thy vign mua c i quyen truy c ip d y t tuygn bo 
sung cho b in in thi sg phii ba thgm mpt khoin 
phi nhat djnh. 
Bgn cgnh dd, cic nhi xuat b in cfin cung cip 
cie gdi hfii cfi (baekfiles) ddi vdi eic sfi tgp chi 
duyc xuat bin bude day de thU vl§n cd die lyu 
try Iiu d i i cic tap chi nay. Ngoai ra, bong mo 
hinh eung cip tap chi dign hj", edn cd khii nigm 
"buy cap vTnh vien", tyc l i quyen cua ngUdi mua 
duyc buy cap v io cic npi dung ma minh d i mua 
ke c i sau khi da cham dut vigc mua gdi tgp chf 
hien tgi. Hiu het cic nha xuat bin, nhat l i cic nhi 
xuit ban Idn deu cung c ip hinh thyc buy cgp niy, 
tat nhign l i bong mpt sd trudng hyp cd b'nh thgm 
phi. 
Theo khao si t gan day ciia Higp h$i ThU vign 
Nghign cyu Hoa Ky, phan Idn eic thU vi$n d nudc 
nay van dang sy dyng md hinh mua quyen truy 
cap mang tinh "ljch siT. Cd nghia l i cic thy vign 
se dUdc mua quyen truy c$p v io cic tgp chi dign 
h i vcfi chi phi tudng dydng sd tign bp da bd ra de 
mua eic tgp chi in hign tgi, dong thdl sg t r i thgm 
mpt khoin nhit djnh dg truy c$p v io cic tap dd 
m i hp chya mua tryde diy. Md hinh niy dyyc sy 
14 
dyng do hign nay cac nhi xuat bin thudng cung 
cip t^p chi d i ^ ty theo hinh thyc c i gdi, b i t la 
t i p hyp tat c i cac tap chi m i hp cd. 
Cic hinh thyc mua quyln truy cap tap d i i dien 
ty khic bao gom: 
- Gii c i dya trgn mijt dp sy dyng: Dydc i p 
dung ty giiia nhuhg nim 2000, tuy nhign hien 
nay cung khfing pho bign. Theo khio s i t ciia ARL 
thi khong nhieu thy vtf n chpn mo hinh mua tgp 
chi kieu n iy va cung ehi cd khoang 10% nhi xuat 
b in sy dyng mfi hinh bin hing nay. 
- Gta c i dya ben quy md ciia to chyc: Oiy (a 
hinh thi i t pho bien thy hai sau mfi hinh "lich sir", 
bong do gia c i dude ti'nh toin dya tren sfi cd sd 
(sites) ma tn/dng dai hpe hay vien nghign aiU cfi. 
- Gii ea dya bgn loai khich hing (vf dy: benh 
vign, tnjdng dai hoc, vign nghien ciiU, doanh nghiep). 
- Gii ca dug trgn sfi Iudng ngudi dung dong thdi 
mpt lue, mfi hinh nay i p dyng ty nhieu n im nay 
eho cic CSDL trut tuygn. 
- M ^ mirc gia ehung eho tat c i cic tgp chi cd 
trong bp sUU t ip. 
Ve thj phan xuat bin khoa hpc qufic te, 95% 
sd nhi xuat ban ehi xuat ban ty 1 dgn 2 tap chi, 
trong khi do ehi rigng 100 nha xuat bin Idn nlidt 
da xuit bin 67% tong so tgp chi khoa hpc. Tdp 
5 nha xuat bin hing dau chigm 35% tong sd tap 
chf, trong dfi chi rigng bdn nha xuat ban (Elsevier, 
Springer, Wiley-Blackwelt v i Taylor & Rands), moi 
nha xuat bin da cd ben 2.000 tgp chi [5], 
2. Thyc t r^ng p h i t tr ign ngudn t in Ichoa 
hQC v i cong nghg ta i V i ^ Nam 
Zl. Thpt tr^ng Oau tU kinh phi phit trien 
nguon tin khoa hpc va cong nghe t^i Vipt 
Nam 
Cfing t ie phit trien nguon thfing tin KHCN 
dude quan tam d hau het cic cd quan, ^ chyc 
nghign aiy, die t^et la cac budng dgi hpc, eao 
ding, eic vien nghign aiU - ndi tap tnjng cic hogt 
dfing nghign eiiU, dao tao ehu ygu. Song tra i 
thyc tg, van de phit trign nguon thfing bn KHCN 
dang la bai toan khd d i t ra dfii vdi hau het eic cd 
quan thy vien - thfing tin bcfi nd phy ttiupc vio nhieu 
yeu td, trong dd sy quan tam aia cic cap lanh 
dgo the hign d nguon kmh phi bo sung hing n im 
l i ygu tfi quy3 dinh. 
Nim 2014, Cyc Thfing bn Khoa hpe va Cfing 
nghe Qudc gia (TTXHCNQG) da tidn hanh dieu da 
ve cfing t ic phat trien nguon tin KHCN tai mot so 
to chyc KHCN kSn bong nudc [3]. Digu tra cho 
thay, chi cd 64,2% ddn vi hoic to chilt thong tin, 
thy vign dype cip kinh phi phit tnen nguon tin 
KHCN hang nim, trong sfi dd dii cd 10,4% sfi to 
ehirt dude cap tren 500 trigu dong/ nim, 13% 
dUdc cap dudi 50 bigu dong/ nim (ty I? ddn vj 
khong cho biet sfi den dUpc cap diigm 28%). Dieu 
nay cho thay ning lut t i i chinh de phit trien nguon 
bn KHCN aia eac cd quan thU vten - thfing tin Vigt 
Nam l i rat yeu (Bing 1). 
Trgn thyt te do kinh phi danh cho hoat dpng 
thfing bn KHCN eung chua duyc ghi thinh mye 
chi rigng bong muc lyc ngin sich nha nydc hang 
Tinh hinh cS'p kinh phf mua iii li$u 
KHCN hang nSm 
DulJc cSp kinh phi', trong do 
Tren 500 trieu VND/ nSm 
Tir 200II61 500 trieu VND/ nim 
Tit 100 din 200 trlfu VND/ nim 
CWSI100 tri^u VND/ nim 
Khdng xic iXnh 
Khdng d u ^ c3p kinh phi 
Cpng 
Toj inb^ 
So lutmg 
« 
7 
2  ... 
trign nguon tin KHCN: Phan Idn kinh phi cho hoat 
dpng phit trign nguon tin KHCN dgn tiJ" ngin sach 
nha nude, nhuhg lai dude quan ly, cap phit bdi 
nhieu cd quan bp, nginh, dia phucfng khac nhau, 
chua ed stf quin ly, lien ket d 6 m vl mfi. Hoat 
dpng bo sung, phat tnen nguon tin dien ra rdi rac, 
chua cd sy hpp tac chit die, dan den tinh tr^ng 
nguon lut dUdc phan bfi v i sy dyng chua hdp ly. 
Ho9t dpng phat bien nguon tin phy Uiufic v io 
nhin thut chu quan cua lanh dao ed quan quan 
ly, cap phat kinh phi, dan tdi tinh trang nhieu ITnh 
vyc uXi tign phat trign cua dat nudc chua dUdc 
diu tu hpp ly ve nguon tin lam "dau v io" cho 
hoat dfing nghien eifU khoa hpe, phat trign cong 
ngh? v i ngudc l?i. 
(2) Phat trign nguon tin KHCN tmng l$p, ISng 
phi: Thieu dinh t\Udng d tSm vi mfi ngn ngufin tin 
KHCN khfing nhuhg phat then khfing dung vdt 
cac mue tigu kinh ^ , x i hpi m i cfin triing lip, 
lang phi. Nguon kinh phi khd khin, ngin sich bfi 
sung han ehg, song eac ed quan thy vi?n - thfing 
tin van dSu tU chong ehgc, lang phi, thg hi§n trong 
ca vi?e phat bien ngufin tin na sinh va bfi sung 
ngufin tin qufic te. Vdi nguon tin KHCN nOi sinh, 
van cfin dien ra tinh trang dSu t y dan trai, nhlSu 
cd quan cimg t?o lap cic CSDL cd ding n^i dung 
trong eung m§t finh vut nghign eulJ. M$t khac, vdi 
nhOhg nguon tin KHCN qufic tg, cdn phfi bign tinh 
tr^ng nhieu vi^n nghien dfu, trudng d?i hpe cung 
bo sung mfit CSDL KHCN, dign hinh nhU cac CSDL 
dude nhieu vlf n nghign a i l i , ti^ng d?i hpc d Vi§t 
Nam bo sung triing nhU; Springer Link, IEEE, ACS... 
(3) Ngudng an toan thfing tin qufic gia chua 
d im bao ben vuhg bdi vige phit trign ngufin tin 
KHCN, die bigt eac nguon tin KHCN quoc tg cd 
g i i trj rSt hgn dig. Nim 2014, tdng kinh phi chl 
eho mua cic nguon tin KHCN cua 10 ed quan thu* 
v i ^ - thfing bn Idn nhit trong ca nudc chua t(A 30 
ty dong, chi chigm khoing 0,4% kinh phi danh cho 
nghign cuXi v i phit trien bJ" ngan s id i nhi nudc, 
trong khi d chiu Au, con sfi nay la 1,9%. Og dim 
bio ngudng an to in thfing bn qufic gia, cie nhi 
nghign cu\J phii dude tigp e^n tfii tiiigu cic ket qui 
trong nUdc d i v i dang thyt hi|n, cfing bo khoa 
hpc trong nude v i cac nguon tin KHCN chu ygu 
(mut 3/5 trong chi sfi xic dtnh chieu siu bp t$p). 
3. Giii phip phit trign ngudn tin khoa hpc 
v i cong nghg trong thdi d^i cdng nghg s5 
3.1. Xiy dt/ng vi phit trien ngudn tin 
khoa hpc vi cdng nghi ndi sinh 
Cic nguon tin npi sinh bao ^ m cic tat l i ^ v i 
thong tin KHCN dude tao ra trmg nudc va bdi eic 
to chyc va nhi khoa hpc cua Viet Nam. Cic ngufin 
tin ngi sinh phin inh hoat d$ng v i thinh tyti 
KHCN eiia dat nUdc. Day l i ngufin thong tin, tri 
thyc cfit loi ciia nen KHCN V i ^ Nam. 
V i ^ xiy dyhg va phit tnen eae ngufin tin ngi 
sinh bao gfim: 
18 
- CSDL cong bo/choa hpc Viet Nam 
Cic tap chi khoa hpc ciia Vi|t Nam p ^ n Idn 
do dc vign nghign cuiu, trudng dai hoc hoic cie 
hpi nghg n g h i ^ xult bin theo hinh thyc ddn ie, 
vdi sfi Iudng d iu ten tap dit ft di. Hinh thut xuat 
ban pho bien v ln la tap chi in vdi so Iudng han 
die khfing mang b'nh ldnh doanh, mfit sfi tap chi 
cfi thg truy cap trut tuygn, tuy nhign so b i i edn 
han che v i cd d$ tre nhat dinh so vdi ban In. Ben 
canh dd, hang n im tai V i ^ Nam dien ra hing 
nghin hpi thao khoa tipe ehuyen nginh. Oiy eOng 
l i ngufin cung d p eae tri thut khoa hpe mdi nhat 
trong cic linh vyt dUffi dgng cie ky y3 j hpi thio. 
Tuy nhign, hifn nay tgi V i ^ Nam chua ed mpt nhi 
xuat bin hay tfi chut nio diihg ra thu thip v i 
xuat ban loai t i i lieu khoa hpc ed g i i trj niy. 
Do dd, nhigm vu d i t ra la phai tign hinh thu 
thap, xy ly va dua cac tap chi khoa hpc, ky ygu 
hpi thao khoa hpc vao CSOL nhim pho bign nguon 
tri thiit quy biu niy tdi cpng dong khoa hpe t r in 
ei nude. Quy mo thu thgp l i toin bp cic tap chi 
khoa hpc Viet Nam dUdc tinh diem va tat ca cac 
ky ygu hpi thao khoa hpc ehuygn nganh d quy mo 
qufic gia. 
H i ^ nay, tgi Cyc TTKHCNQG da xay dyhg 
CSDL STD l i CSOL da nganh toin v in Idn nhat 
trong nude ve t i i li^u KHCN Vi$t Nam cfing bfi 
trgn cie tgp d i i ehuygn nganh, ky ygu hpi thao/ 
h$i nghj, tuyen tgp bao cio, cie xuit bin phgm 
KHCN cua cic dia phudng. D i ^ bao quit ciia 
CSDL bao gom cic Itnh vyt: khoa hpe lich sy, xa 
hgi hpc, kinh te hoc, phap lugt, vin hoi , giio dye, 
t im ty hpc, ngfin ngy hpc, thfing tin hpc, toan 
hpe, v i t ly, ed hpe, hoi hpc, smh hpe, dia ly, thien 
v in hpc, ning Iudng, ky thugt dien, ky thuat d i ^ 
ty, l uy^ kim, nginh md, dig tao may, cfing ngh i^ 
thyt pham, xay duhg, nfing nghiep, l im nghigp, 
thuy san, thuy ldi, giao thong vgn t i i , ttiong ke, 
tigu chuan hoi, bio v$ moi trudng, tai nguygn 
thign nhien, do Iudng, cfing t ic sang die... Khdi 
Iudng hien co ktioang 200.000 biSj ghi ve cie bai 
tridi trong cic tgp ehi, ky yeu hpi nghj KHCN Viet 
Nam ty n im 1987 dgn nay. 
Tuy v ^ , ngu xet ve quy mo thu thip tai li|u 
ttii CSOL ngu ti^ mdi chl thu tii^p khoing 186 
tap chi tien tong so 253 tap chi Mwa hpc dude 
ti'nh diem (khfing ke eac tap d i i khoa hpc dong 
linh vyt quoc phdng, an ninh) v i mdi ehi cd diua 
t * 1.000 ky yeu hpi tiwo khoa hpe. 
Ty nay da i nim 2020, can tign hanh thu thgp, 
xy ly, so hoi va dua vao CSDL STD to in bp 253 
tgp ehi tfnh dian, cung nhU tSt c i eac ky ygu hpi 
thao khoa hpe qufic gia. 
- CSDL khoa hpc oia dc tip, nganh, dia 
phuang 
Ben cgnh cic cfing bfi khoa hpc trgn eic tgp 
di i , ky yeu hpi thao thi cie bO, nganh v i dja 
phudng hien dang luXi tid nhieu tai lieu khoa hpc 
ed gia tri thupc phgm vi quin ly cua minh. Nhiihg 
tat lieu x im niy dt\ dude xd ly v i tgo thinh cie 
bo suu tgp die bigt dudi dgng CSDL, tao thugn 
tien cho viec tra edU v i sy dyng tai li?u. Vi vgy, 
(3n xay dung eic bp suU t^p tat lieu KHCN d$c 
thii eua cie bp, nganh va dia phudng. 
Nhiem vy nay se do cae ^ chut dau moi thfing 
tin KHCN tgi c i ' "ip, nginh, dja phUdng tngn khai 
tren ed sd phoi hdp vdt Cyc TTKHCNQG dg thong 
nhat ve mit n g h i ^ vy xy ly thong tin v i thong 
nhat cie chuan dy lieu. 
- CSDL qudc gia ve KHCN 
V i ^ xiy dyhg CSOL qufic gta vg KHCN d i 
dude d i t ra ty vai nim nay, xuat phat ty ygu a u 
can eung cap dy l i ^ v i thfing tin day dii, chinh 
xac va kip Oxfi ve KHCN, phuc vy hoach djnh chlnh 
sich, linh dgo, quin ly, nghien euy khoa hpe v i 
phat brign cfing ngh#, giao dye va d io tao, sin 
xuat, kinh doanh, gdp phan ning eao hi^u qua v i 
day manh vai tro quan trpng ciia lOHCN doi vdi 
qua binh ptiit tngn kinh te - xa hpi. 
Nhiem vy d i t ra l i phii nhanh chdng xay duhg 
CSDL qufic gia ve KHCN, bao gom cic tiifing tin 
ttieo quy djnh tai Nghj dinh 11/2014/NO-CP [2]. 
- CSDL trich dan khoa hoc Viit Nam 
De ght nhin v i dinh gia mpt cong trinh nghign 
cud khoa hpe chat Iudng hay khong, m^t tieu chi 
quan trong la cong trinh dd dydc cfing bo tren 
tgp ehi nao. Chat Iudng v i dp tin ciy eua tgp chi 
dd dupe dinh g i i nhU the nao'' Hi^n nay, hai chi 
T^ p chi THI/ VI^N V I | T NAM 1(63) 19 
tieu thudng dude sy dung de dinh gia ning suat 
khoa hpc l i 50 ludng bai bao khoa hoc dude cfing 
bfi tren eic tap d i i khoa hpc ed h? thong binh 
duyet (peer re\flewed joumals) v i sfi lan trich d in 
(citations) ciia nhyng bai bao khoa hpc. So Iudng 
bi i bio phan anh ning suat nghign ciiu khoa hpe 
v i mye dp ddng gdp vao kho tang tti thirt. Hai 
di i sfi thudng dUde sy dyng de xac dtnh chat 
Iudng eiia mfit cfing trinh nghien ciiU khoa hpc l i 
he sfi t ie dpng (impact fector) va di i so trich dan 
(citation index). Mpt rong tiinh nghign cud chat 
lypng cd kha ning gay inh hudng trong ehuyen 
nginh v i dude nhieu dong nghiep trich dan. Do 
do, ehi so trich dan phin anh khi chinh xic chat 
lUdng mpt eong trinh nghien edU khoa hpe. 
Vi?e nghign cu\i xay dyhg CSDL trich d in khoa 
hpc Vi?t Nam l i viee l im d hnh cap ttiigt, khfing 
ehi dap uhg nhu c3u v l quin ly, hoach djnh chinh 
sieh KHCN ma edn dap ting nhu ciu danh g i i 
(^nh lupng, phin tieh v i so sanh hoat dfing nghien 
citu v i phit trign ciia toin xa hdi. 
Trong thdi gian tdi, c3n nghign cud xiy dyng 
CSDL tii'ch dan cic tap chi KHCN eua Viet Nam 
nhim dinh gi i v i phin tidi dinh Iudng hoat dpng 
nghign cyu khoa hpe v i phit bign cfing ngh^ 
trong nudc, phye vu cfing tac quin ly, dieu hinh 
v i ho^ch dinh chinh sich KHCN. 
3.2. Bd sung, phit trien cic nguSn tin 
khoa hpc vi cdng nghi QuSc td 
Trong thdl gian t&\ can t i p tnjng bo sung, phit 
bign nhung nguon tin KHCN phong phu da dang, 
bao gom cic nguon tin co bin v i cot Ifii (bao gfim 
m$t so CSDL KHCN ehu yeu v i nhuhg tap ehi 
KHCN hang dSu) ty mpt so nha cung cip quoe te 
hing diu de d im bao thong tin day dii, kip ttidi, 
cgp nhgt cho cie to chyc KHCN, cic nhi nghien 
eiru va phit trign tiding nhuhg Iinh vUe KHCN 
tn?ng diem va uU tien. Cic ngufin bn KHCN quoe 
te chit yeu dul?c bo sung nhim d ip ung yeu c3u 
phat bien KHCN bong cae Bnh vyt uU tign ciia 
Vigt Nam, gom: Cong ngh| ttifing tin va biiyen 
ttifing, cfing nghe sinh hpc, cong nghe vgt li^u 
mdi, cong ngh? dig tao miy - t y dpng hoi, cfing 
nghg moi trubng; nhiihg nghien cyu uhg dyng 
KHCN bong cic linh vyt KHCN nong nghiep, KHCN 
y dude, KHCN ning Iudng, KHCN giao ttifing vgn 
t i l , KHCN x iy dUhg, KHCN bien, KHCN quin ty v i 
sd dung t i i nguygn thign nhign, KHCN vu try. 
Cic ngufin tin ed b in can bo sung t^p trung 
nhy sau: CSDL SdenceOirect, CSOL SpringeriJnk, 
CSOL Wiley, CSDL Taytor & Francis. Bfin c^nh cie 
nguon tin mang b'nh pho qui t va cd b in trgn, dg 
dap tJhg ygu cau phat t r i ^ trong cic linh vyt uy 
bgn cua Viet Nam, can bo sung thgm cic ngui5n 
tin chuyen nganh: CSDL web of Science (ISI), 
CSDL IEEE Xplore, CSOL ACS, CSDL Tgp ehi di$n 
tiy IGP 
Do ehi phi' de mua eic ngufin tin KHCN qufic 
te la rat Idn, trong khi ngin sieh cua dc ddn vi 
tgi Viet Nam con nhieu han ehg. Dong thdi, dg 
tranh triing l ip trong bo sung nguon tin, chung 
toi xin de xuit phudng an bo sung cie ngufin tin 
KHCN quoc tg dio cfing dong khoa hpc trong 
nudc nhu sau: 
- Thtfnhit, Bp Khoa hpc v i Cfing nghg chii tri 
mua cic nguon tin KHCN ttiuOc nhfim ed bin 
(gfim SeienceDired, Springeriink, Wiley, Tiytor & 
Francis) cho toan quoc, bao gfim c i cic chudng 
trinh KHCN cip quoc gia v i mua cic ngufin tin 
KHCN thuOe nhdm ehuygn sau (ISI, IEEE, ACS, 
APS, IGP) cho eae ddn v\ thupc eac ehuygn nginh 
lign quan. 
- Thdhai, cic cd quan, to chye nghign cud tu^ 
vio nhu eau thyc te ciia minh tign hinh bfi sung 
cic ngufin tin KHCN quoe te khic ttgn ed sd cin 
nhic quy mfi v i hinh thyc truy cap, cQng nhy lya 
chpn cic bp suu t ip ttieo diu d§ phii hpp vdi ed 
quan, to chye, nhim ttinh ling phi ngin sich. 
- Thd tia, day mgnh cd d ig lien hdp ttiy vi|n 
vdi sy chil bi eua Bfi Khoa hpc v i Cong nghg dg 
ciing nhau phfii hdp bo sung ngufin tin dign td. 
Ugn hdP thy vign l i mot mfi hinh hi$u qui trong 
vige bo sung tat lieu thong qua vi^c hpp t ie, lign 
ket nhSm t ing cudng sdc mgnh trong d im phin 
vdi cie nha xuat b in , eung nhU t in dyng dude M 
fch ciia cac got t i i Itgu dien tiJ" da nginh. So Iudng 
lien hdp Uiy vign den the gkJi ngiy cing ting, 
trang web Ringgold Consortia Diredory Online4 
da 11^ ke cd tdi trgn 400 lign hpp tai hdn 100 
qufie gia, dai dien d w htJn 26.500 ttiU vten ttiinh 
20 
vign, trong sfi niy eo khoang 350 lien hc^ cd 
nhigm vu d im phin mua t i i lieu ctio cic ttianh 
vien v i vai trd aia lign hdp thu vien t i quan trpng 
trong v i ^ dam phin. Theo hai bao cio ciia Cox 
& Cox n im 2008 v i Inger & Ganjner nim 2013, 
khoing 90% cac nha xuat ban Idn thyc hten viee 
cung cap djch vy dio eic lign hdp thy \ngn. 
Hien nay, Lign hdp ThU vien Vigt Nam vg nguon 
tin khoa hpc va cdng nghe da hinh thanh va phat 
trien hdn 10 nim vdi sy tham gia ciia tren 100 to 
chiit. Lien hdp da ciing nhau bo sung CSDL 
Proquest Central v i CSDL CrecJo Referents. Trong 
thdl gian tdi, ran ti^ tue day manh tioat dpng 
eiia Lign hdp, eung [^>a hdp bo sung cie nguon 
tin qufic te quan trpng Idiie. 
T A I U | U T H A M KHAO 
1. Cao Minh Ki&m. Nghien aiv xay dphg 
chuWig trinh ting cWdng ngtion ItfC thong tin phpc 
vu tidi nhip qudc te ve khoa hpc vi cdng nghp: Bio 
cio de t i i nghien cdU khoa hpe cap Bo. - H., 2015. 
- 202 tr. 
2. Nghj dinh so 11/2014/NO-CP ngay 18/2/2014 
v3 hoat ddng thong tin khoa hpc v i cfing ngh^. 
3. Tr^n Thi Hai Y£n. Nghien aiU de xuit dfnh 
hudng qudc gia ve phat bien nguon tin khoa hoc va 
cdng nghi ' ^o f^o de t i i nghien cuU ktioa hpc cap 
Bfi. - H., 2016. - 227 tr. 
4. IFLA. Gukielines <br a collection devdopment 
policy using the conspectus model.  
org/publications/guidelines-for-a-collection-develop-
ment-policy-using-the-conspectus-model. 
5. Mark Ware and Michael Mabe. The STM 
Report An overview of sdenbfic and schdariy Jour-
nal putilishing. International AssodaOon ofSoentific, 
Tednkal and Medical Publishers. 
assoc.org/2015_02_20_STM_Report_2015.pdf. 
6. Yen Tran Thi Hai and Thang Dao Manh. 
Sharing and coordination of aajuisition on sdentilk 
and technotogical resources among libraries In 
Vietnam // Conference pnxeedings of Consal. 
Bangkok, 2015. 
(Ngiy toa sopn nhin bii: 12/10/2016; Ngay phan 
biin dxih gii: 23/11/2016; Ngiy chip nhan ding: 
29/11/2016) 
DANH GIA VA N A N G CAO... 
Tiep theo trang 26 
Trong bfii canh doi mdi giio dijc bge pho 
thfing hien nay, thU vien eung can d nhiihg bi&i 
ehuyen tieh cut de thyc hien tot vai do ho tid cho 
nha trudng trong viec giao due hpe sinh. W vay, 
he thoig tieu chi dinh g i i va cac bign phip ning 
cao chat l y ^ g hogt dpng tren day se giiip NLTV 
xac dinh nhOhg nhiem vy cu the can thyc hi|n 
trong qui binh xay dung v i phit tii&i TVPT. 
TAI U | U THAM KHAO 
1. Bp Gao dye va Dio tao. Quy che ve to chiit 
va hoat ding thw vien trudng pho thdng, dUpc ban 
hanh ttieo Quyet dinh s6 61/1998/QO-BGDDT ngiy 
6/11/1998 eiia Bp trudng Bp Giio due va Oao ^o . 
2. Bo Giio dye v i Oao tgo. Quy dinh dinh gii 
hpc sinh beu hoc, duoc ban hanh theo Thong tU so 
30/2014/TT-BGDOT ngay 28/8/2014 oia Bfi budng 
Bp Giao dye va Oao tgo. 
3. Bp Giio dye v i Dio tao. Quy dinh ti&u chuin 
thU vien trudng phd ttiong, duWc ban hanh Oieo 
quyS djnh so 01/2003/QD-BGD&OT ngay 02/01/2003 
oia Bp trudng Bo Giao due v i Dao tao. 
4. Bp Giio due va Oao tgo. HuiSng dan thtfc hiin 
nhiem vu giio dpc nSm hpc 2015 • 2016, du^e ban 
hanh theo cong vin so 4323/BGDOT/GDTH ngiy 
25/8/2015 cua Bp trudng Bfi Giao dgc v i Oao tgo. 
5. Bo Vin hoi - TTmng tin. QuyS: djnh phe duyit 
quy hoach phit triei nginh thW viin Viet Nam din 
nim 2010 dinh hudng den 2020. Ht1p://thuvien-
phapluatvn/van-ban/Van-hoa-Xa-hoi/Quyet-dinh-
10-2007-QD-BVHTT-phe-duyet-quy-hoach-phat-
tnen-nganh-thu-vien-Viet-Nam-den-nam-2010-dinh-
huong-den-2020/19631/noi-dung.aspx. Truy c^p 
ngay 6/6/2015. 
6. IFLA/ UNESCO School Ubrary Manifesto, School 
Ubranes and ftesource Centos Sedan.  
ifla.org/VII/sll/pub^m3nifest.htm. Tnjy cip ngiy 
23/10/2015. 
(Ngay toa soan nhan bii: 16/5/2016; Ngay phin 
bien danh gia: 23/11/2016; Ngay chap nhpn dSng: 
29/11/2016) 
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